Turbomachines such as pumps and turbines are energy converters. Turbines convert flow energy into mechanical energy and pumps convert mechanical energy into flow energy.
  HM 450C can be used to investigate a centrifugal pump. Experiments can be performed on two key water turbine designs: Pelton and Francis turbine, available as accessories HM 450.01 and HM 450.02.

  The closed water circuit comprises a tank, a standard centrifugal pump with variable speed and a flow control valve to adjust the back pressure.  
  The speed is adjusted by way of the speed-controlled drive. The drive motor is mounted on swivel bearings, so the drive torque can be measured by way of a force sensor, enabling the mechanical drive power output to be determined.
  In experiments, the characteristics at various speeds are plotted. The recorded measured values are displayed digitally and processed on a PC, where the performance data of the turbomachine being investigated is calculated and plotted by characteristic curves.

  The well-structured instructional material sets out the fundamentals and provides a step-by-step guide through the experiments.

- Measuring intake and delivery pressure
- Determining delivery height
- Determining hydraulic output
- Determining mechanical output
- Pump characteristics at various speeds
- Determining the efficiency of the pump
 
Additionally with accessories Pelton turbine HM 450.01 and Francis turbine HM 450.02
- Measuring torque and speed

- Determining efficiency of the turbine

- Plotting turbine characteristics