GUNT experimental flumes

GUNT experimental flumes

Open-channel flow at the laboratory scale

Hydraulic engineering is a crucial part of engineering. How do we achieve the necessary river depth for ships? How does open-channel flow change during flooding? In order to understand answers to these questions and develop possible solutions, experimental flumes are used in teaching and research.

Gerinne-fließend

Content

 

 

E Learn2 GUNT offers extensive multimedia educational material on the fundamentals open-channel flow as a  » E‑learning course.

 


Overview of GUNT experimental flumes

Gerinne Übersicht 

GUNT experimental flumes and their accessories open up a wide range of experiments and demonstrations on the topics of open-channel flow, running waters, hydraulic engineering and coastal protection. They form the expandable foundation for custom investigations and research work.

 

Design features

  • rigidity against deformation
  • side walls made of tempered glass
  • all surfaces in contact with water are made of corrosion-resistant materials
  • low-turbulence flow at the entrance to the experimental section

HM 160
Experimental flume 86x300mm

The HM 160 flume is perfectly suited as an introduction to the topic of open-channel flow and the demonstration of many of the basic principles. This flume is compact and requires little space.

 

  • basic principles of open-channel flow
  • flow cross-section 86x300mm
  • lengths of 2,5m and 5m available

 

» About the product

 

 

HM160

HM 162
Experimental flume 309x450mm

HM162_0

The HM 162 experimental flumes can be supplied in four different lengths. The “short” experimental flume, with an experimental section of 5m, can easily be set up even in smaller laboratories. As the length of the experimental section increases, the observation section upstream and downstream of obstacles increases.

 

  • experiments ranging from fundamental principles to research projects
  • flow cross-section 309x450mm
  • experimental section of 5m, 7,5m, 10m and 12,5m available
  • plant control using an integrated PLC

 

» About the product

 

HM162

HM 163
Experimental flume 409x500mm

HM162_0

The HM 163 experimental flumes can be supplied in four different lengths. The “short” experimental flume, with an experimental section of 5m, can easily be set up even in smaller laboratories. As the length of the experimental section increases, the observation section upstream and downstream of obstacles increases.

 

  • experiments ranging from fundamental principles to research projects
  • flow cross-section 409x500mm
  • experimental section of 5m, 7,5m, 10m and 12,5m available
  • plant control using an integrated PLC

 

» About the product

 

HM163

HM 161
Experimental flume 600x800mm

HM161_0

The experimental flume HM 161 is the largest within the GUNT product range. The flow velocities that can be achieved in the experimental flume, and the long length of the experimental section, are the perfect conditions for designing your own projects. These projects can be very close approximations of reality.

 

  • flow cross-section 600x800mm
  • experimental section with transparent side walls, length 16m
  • plant control with PLC via two touch screens

 

» About the product

 

HM161


Customised solutions

Sonderanfertigungen 2

In addition to our range of standard products, we at GUNT offer innovative experimental flumes that suit the customer's needs and space requirements.

 

  • analysis of your needs with the help of our decades of experience and in-depth know-how
  • together with you: development of a high-quality and individual solution
  • internal examination of the technical feasibility by GUNT
  • together with you: evaluation and planning of the implementation

 

» Contact

 

 

Sonder

 

 

In this video, you can see a customised flume made by GUNT. The experimental section has a length of 16m and a flow cross-section of 600x1200mm. It is equipped with a wave generator and an inline pump with reversible flow direction.

 

 


Accessories for GUNT experimental flumes

For each of the experimental flumes, there is a variety of models for discharge control, such as weirs, sills, stilling basins, as well as wave generators, beach elements and bridge piers. Technical solutions for sediment feed and removal are also available. In addition, we can also provide specially adapted instrumentation such as water level gauges, pitotstatic tubes, tube manometers and velocity meters.


Control structures

Planschütz

Sluice gate

A sluice gate is a vertical wall causing backwater in the flume.

 

» HM 160.29 Sluice gate

» HM 161.29 Sluice gate

» HM 162.29 Sluice gate

» HM 163.29 Sluice gate

 

Segmentschütz

Radial gate

The core element of a radial gate is a wall with the shape of a segment of a circle. The gate causes backwater in the flume.

 

» HM 160.40 Radial gate

» HM 161.40 Radial gate

» HM 162.40 Radial gate

» HM 163.40 Radial gate

 

Scharfkantige Wehre/ Plattenwehre

Sharp-crested weirs/ plate weirs

HM 16x.30 contains four different plate weirs as sharp-crested weirs: typical measuring weirs with defined openings (Thomson weir, Rehbock weir, Cipoletti weir) and a rectangular weir with optional aeration.

 

» HM 160.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 161.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 162.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 163.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

 

Breitkroniges Wehr

Broad-crested weir

HM 16x.31 contains a cuboid shaped weir body with a sharp edges. Two additional elements can be fixed at the weir body to create rounded edges. Free and submerged overfall can be clearly demonstrated.

 

» HM 160.31 Broad-crested weir

» HM 161.31 Broad-crested weir

» HM 162.31 Broad-crested weir

» HM 163.31 Broad-crested weir

 

Sohlschwelle

Sill

Sills are used to reduce the flume slope to decrease erosion processes at the flume bottom.

 

» HM 160.44 Sill

» HM 161.44 Sill

» HM 162.44 Sill

» HM 163.44 Sill

 

Keilförmiges Wehr

Crump weir

HM 16x.33 is a weir according to E. S. Crump with defined inclinations both upstream and downstream. The Crump weir is preferably used as a sill.

 

» HM 160.33 Crump weir

» HM 161.33 Crump weir

» HM 162.33 Crump weir

» HM 163.33 Crump weir

 

Rundkroniges Wehr

Ogee-crested weir

A flow transition to supercritical discharge occurs during flowing over the weir body. At the end of the weir downstream side, the supercritical discharge has a high flow energy. The excess part of this energy can cause damages. Therefore, energy should be dissipated.

 

» HM 160.32 Ogee-crested weir

» HM 161.32 Ogee-crested weir

» HM 162.32 Ogee-crested weir

» HM 163.32 Ogee-crested weir

 

Elemente zur Energiedissipation

Energy dissipation elements

The elements for energy dissipation are used together with the ogee-crested weir HM 160.32. With the aid of stilling basins and elements like chute blocks, baffle blocks, and end sills, the flow energy is dissipated.

 

» HM 160.35 Energy dissipation elements

» HM 161.35 Energy dissipation elements

» HM 162.35 Energy dissipation elements

» HM 163.35 Energy dissipation elements

 

Rundkroniges Wehr mit Druckmesspunkten

Ogee-crested weir with pressure measuring points along the weir downstream side

The weir itself consists of a massive damming body. The pressure measurement is realised via bores perpendicular to the surface of the downstream side of the weir.

 

» HM 160.34 Ogee-crested weir with pressure measurement

» HM 161.34 Ogee-crested weir with pressure measurement

» HM 162.34 Ogee-crested weir with pressure measurement

» HM 163.34 Ogee-crested weir with pressure measurement

 

Heberwehr

Siphon weir

Siphon weirs  are used as spillways in dams. They have a high specific discharge capacity.

 

» HM 160.36 Siphon weir

» HM 161.36 Siphon weir

» HM 162.36 Siphon weir

» HM 163.36 Siphon weir

 

Rechen

Rake

The rake HM 16x.38 enables to vary the rake flow resistance using different bar profiles and different angles of inclination. Three bar sets with different profiles are included.

 

» HM 161.38 Rake

» HM 162.38 Rake

» HM 163.38 Rake

 


Discharge measurement

Scharfkantige Wehre/ Plattenwehre

Sharp-crested weirs/ plate weirs

HM 16x.30 contains four different plate weirs as sharp-crested weirs: typical measuring weirs with defined openings (Thomson weir, Rehbock weir, Cipoletti weir) and a rectangular weir with optional aeration.

 

» HM 160.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 161.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 162.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

» HM 163.30 Set of plate weirs, four types

 

Venturikanal

Venturi flume

Venturi flumes are specially shaped flumes with defined lateral contraction.

 

» HM 160.51 Venturi flume

» HM 161.51 Venturi flume

» HM 162.51 Venturi flume

» HM 163.51 Venturi flume

 

Parshallkanal

Parshall flume

Parshall flumes are venturi flumes with a profiled bottom. The ratios of constriction and enlargement are defined.

 

» HM 161.55 Parshall flume

» HM 162.55 Parshall flume

» HM 163.55 Parshall flume

 

Trapezoider Kanal

Trapezoidal flume

The trapezoidal flume HM 16x.63 has a trapezoidal flow cross-section. In contrast to Parshall flumes, they often have a smaller pressure head loss for the same discharge and are more suitable for small discharges.

 

» HM 161.63 Trapezoidal flume

» HM 162.63 Trapezoidal flume

» HM 163.63 Trapezoidal flume

 


Change in cross-section

Sohlschwelle

Sill

Sills are used to reduce the flume slope to decrease erosion processes at the flume bottom.

 

» HM 160.44 Sill

» HM 161.44 Sill

» HM 162.44 Sill

» HM 163.44 Sill

 

Gerinnesohle Kies

Flume bottom with pebble stones

For the same discharge, the flow behaviour of a river depends mainly on the flume slope and on the flume roughness. The flume roughness is changed using the flume bottom HM 16x.77.

 

» HM 160.77 Flume bottom with pebble stones

» HM 161.77 Flume bottom with pebble stones

» HM 162.77 Flume bottom with pebble stones

» HM 163.77 Flume bottom with pebble stones

 

Keilförmiges Wehr

Crump weir

HM 16x.33 is a weir according to E. S. Crump with defined inclinations both upstream and downstream. The Crump weir is preferably used as a sill.

 

» HM 160.33 Crump weir

» HM 161.33 Crump weir

» HM 162.33 Crump weir

» HM 163.33 Crump weir

 

Pfeiler

Piers

HM 16x.46 contains several piers with different profiles typical for bridge piers. A clamping device fixes the pier in the experimental flume.

 

» HM 160.46 Set of piers, seven profiles

» HM 161.46 Set of piers, seven profiles

» HM 162.46 Set of piers, seven profiles

» HM 163.46 Set of piers, seven profiles

 

Durchlass

Culvert

Culverts are crossing structures in running waters and allow the passage of water. They may be pipes that are laid under a road, allowing the flume to cross.

 

» HM 160.45 Culvert

» HM 161.45 Culvert

» HM 162.45 Culvert

» HM 163.45 Culvert

 


Wave generator and beaches

Wellenerzeuger

Wave generator

The wave generator HM 16x.41 is available as an accessory for all experimental flumes and generates periodic, harmonic waves with different wavelengths and/or wave heights.

An electric motor drives a crank disk, which is connected to a plate via a driving rod. The plate performs a harmonious stroke movement. The speed of the crank disk, in other words the frequency, with which the plate is moved back and forth can be adjusted, therefore affecting the wavelength of the generated waves. Furthermore, the stroke is finely adjustable, so that the wave height (amplitude) can be varied.

 

» HM 160.41 Wave generator

» HM 161.41 Wave generator

» HM 162.41 Wave generator

» HM 163.41 Wave generator

 

Strand

Beaches

In combination with the wave generator HM 16x.41HM 16x.80 is used to study the wave run-up at different beaches. The inclination of the beach can be changed in 5% steps in order to observe the wave run-up under different conditions.

 

» HM 160.80 Set of beaches: plain, rough, permeable

» HM 161.80 Set of beaches: plain, rough, permeable

» HM 162.80 Set of beaches: plain, rough, permeable

» HM 163.80 Set of beaches: plain, rough, permeable

 


Sediment transport / sediment feed / sediment trap

Sedimentfalle

Sediment trap

HM 16x.72 enables experiments on bed-load transport and consists of a sediment trap and a bucket for sediment feed. The sediment trap prevents the sediment of entering into the pump or the flow meter of the experimental flume.

 

» HM 160.72 Sediment trap

» HM 161.72 Sediment trap

» HM 162.72 Sediment trap

» HM 163.72 Sediment trap

 

Sedimentfeeder

Sediment feeder

The sediment feeder essentially consists of a vibrating conveyor, via which sediment is introduced into the experimental section. The feeder is usually mounted above the inlet to the experimental section.

 

» HM 160.73 Sediment feeder

» HM 161.73 Sediment feeder

» HM 162.73 Sediment feeder

» HM 163.73 Sediment feeder

 

Geschlossener Sedimentkreislauf

Closed sediment circuit

HM 162.71 considers the bed-load transport and consists of a sediment trap, a sediment feed and a pipe system with a pump for delivering the mixture of water and sediment from the trap back to the sediment feed between two experiments.

 

» HM 161.71 Closed sediment circuit

» HM 162.71 Closed sediment circuit

» HM 163.71 Closed sediment circuit

 


Measuring instruments

Wasserstandstaster

Level gauge

The discharge depth can be measured using a level gauge. There are two different types available: analogue or with digital display. For the larger experimental flumes HM 162, HM 163 and HM 161, the level gauge is mounted on the moveable instrument carrier HM 16x.59.

 

» HM 160.52 Level gauge » HM 160.91 Digital level gauge
» HM 161.52 Level gauge » HM 161.91 Digital level gauge
» HM 162.52 Level gauge » HM 162.91 Digital level gauge
» HM 163.52 Level gauge » HM 163.91 Digital level gauge



 

Geschwindigkeitsbestimmung

Velocity measurement via pitotstatic tube

The pitotstatic tube HM 162.50 is used to measure the flow velocity in the experimental flume. For the larger experimental flumes HM 162, HM 163 and HM 161, the pitotstatic tube is mounted on the moveable instrument carrier HM 16x.59.

 

» HM 160.50 Pitotstatic tube

» HM 161.50 Pitotstatic tube

» HM 162.50 Pitotstatic tube

» HM 163.50 Pitotstatic tube

 

Geschwindigkeitsmesser

Velocity measurement via velocity mete

The core element of the velocity meter is an impeller that is rotated by the flow. The speed of the impeller is proportional to the flow velocity. For the larger experimental flumes HM 162, HM 163 and HM 161, the velocity meter is mounted on the moveable instrument carrier HM 16x.59.

 

» HM 160.64 Velocity meter

» HM 161.64 Velocity meter

» HM 162.64 Velocity meter

» HM 163.64 Velocity meter

 

PIV-System

PIV-System

PIV system (Particle Image Velocimetry) is used to record velocity fields in the experimental flume. Depending on the positioning of the light source, the instrument carrier HM 16x.82 or the HM 162.83 glass cut-out is required for the base of the flume. A subsequent installation of the glass cut-out is not possible.

 

» HM 161.81 PIV-System

» HM 162.81 PIV-System

» HM 163.81 PIV-System

 

Instrumententräger

Instrument carrier

The accessory HM 16x.59 is intended as carrier for instruments, e.g. the pitotstatic tube HM 16x.50 or the level gauge HM 16x.52. Using the carrier, the used instrument can be moved to nearly every point of the flow.

 

» HM 161.59 Instrument carrier

» HM 162.59 Instrument carrier

» HM 163.59 Instrument carrier

 

Druckmessung

Pressure measurement

Up to 10 or 20 measuring points along the experimental section of HM 162 are connected to the tube manometers using hoses. The manometers are fitted with scales directly indicating the discharge depth of the corresponding measuring point.

 

» HM 160.53 Ten tube manometers

» HM 161.53 20 tube manometers

» HM 162.53 Ten tube manometers

» HM 163.53 Ten tube manometers

 

Elektronische Druckmessung

Electronic pressure measurement

Using HM 16x.13, the discharge depths in form of pressure heads are recorded. For this purpose, the measuring amplifier is connected to the switch cabinet of the experimental flume and automatically identified by the PLC.

 

» HM 161.13 Electronic pressure measurement, 10x 0...100mbar

» HM 162.13 Electronic pressure measurement, 10x0...50mbar (also suitable for HM 163)

 


Other accessories

Schwingende Pfähle

Flow-induced vibrations

The vibrations are caused by the interaction between the water and the pile. For example, flow around a pile can lead to the formation of a Karman vortex street.

 

» HM 160.61 Vibrating piles

» HM 161.61 Vibrating piles

» HM 162.61 Vibrating piles

» HM 163.61 Vibrating piles

 

Elektrische Neigungsverstellung

Electrical inclination adjustment

The experimental flumes can be inclined. The inclination adustment of HM 162/HM 163 can be changed to a spindle-type lifting gear with electric drive motor. HM 161 includes an electrical inclination adjustment as standard.

 

» HM 162.57 Electrical inclination adjustment (also suitable for HM 163)

 

Galerie

Gallery

HM 16x.14 is laid out for the experimental flume with an experimental section of 5m length. The gallery can be extended stepwise by 2,5m by adding extension elements HM 16x.15. The gallery for the experimental flume makes it easy to put accessories into the experimental section or take them out.

 

» HM 162.14 Gallery

» HM 162.15 Extension element of the gallery
» HM 163.14 Gallery » HM 163.15 Extension element of the gallery



 

Verlängerungselement

Experimental flume extension element, 2,5m

The experimental section of the flume can be extended by adding extension elements. The extension elements are mounted during the setup of the experimental flume. It is not possible to install them at a later date.

 

» HM 160.10 Extension element of the experimental flume

» HM 162.10 Extension element of the experimental flume

» HM 163.10 Extension element of the experimental flume

 

Wasserbehälter, 1100L

Water tank, 1100L

The water tank HM 16x.20 is necessary if the the flume is extended to a larger experimental length to ensure that there is always sufficient water available.

 

» HM 162.20 Water tank

» HM 163.20 Water tank

 

 

 

Customised accessory: active grid

Active Grid

A combined wind/water flume has been constructed by GUNT as a customised solution. An active grid is installed in the water cross-section, which enables controlled turbulent flow conditions. For this purpose, rectangular plates are mounted on vertical and horizontal shafts. The shafts can be rotated individually via motors, resulting in defined cross-sectional contractions and the generation of turbulence.

 

 

 


Automated operation and data acquisition

The experimental flumes HM 162, HM 163 and HM 161 are controlled by a PLC via touch screen. PLC-supported accessories are automatically identified and displayed. By means of an integrated router, these two experimental flumes can alternatively be operated via end device. The user interface can also be displayed on other end devices (screen mirroring). Via the PLC, the measured values can be stored internally.

 

 


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