Due to internal friction, differences in velocity occur in the flow of fluids. Energy is needed in the form of pressure to overcome these differences. This results in pressure losses in the pipe flow. The internal friction is the decisive factor determining whether the flow in the pipe is laminar or turbulent. The pipe friction factor, a dimensionless number, is used to calculate pressure losses. The friction factor is determined with the aid of the Reynolds number, which describes the ratio of inertial forces to friction forces. The two numbers are related to each other and are shown in the Moody chart.
HM 250.09 is used to measure pressure loss and flow rate in various pipe sections. Four pipe sections consist of pipe bundles and two pipe sections of single pipes.
In the experiment, the water flows over an inlet section into the selected pipe section and the flow is formed. The pressure is measured in the formed flow area. The water then emerges from the pipe section as a free jet. Differences in the flow formation can be observed on the surface of the water jet. In addition, the influence of viscosity on the flow formation can be investigated. For this purpose, the water is heated with a heater integrated in the base module, thus changing viscosity.
The accessory HM 250.09 is easily and securely positioned on the worktop of the HM 250 base module. Via RFID technology the accessories are automatically identified, the appropriate GUNT software is loaded and an automatic system configuration is performed. The intuitive user interface guides through the experiments and displays the measured values graphically. For tracking and evaluation of the experiments, up to 10 external workstations can be used simultaneously using the local network via LAN connection. The base module supplies the water and is used to adjust the flow rate and temperature. Flow rate, pressure and temperature measurements are also carried out via the base module.
